For authors

Authorship & CRediT

Authorship must reflect substantial intellectual contribution and accountability. CRediT describes contributions but does not itself determine authorship.

Information required for every author

• Given name, middle name and family name.
• Email address and verified ORCID.
• Institution, department, city and country.
• One or more CRediT roles.
• Author order and corresponding-author designation.
• Confirmation that the author approved the manuscript and submission.

CRediT roles

Group and deceased authorship

Group authorship must identify the responsible writing group and provide a citable membership list. A deceased contributor may remain an author only when authorship criteria were met before death; the corresponding author must explain the circumstances and obtain editorial approval.

Author confirmation

After submission, every living non-corresponding author receives an email asking them to confirm participation, author order and contribution roles. Editorial processing may be paused until confirmations are complete.