Journal policy

Image, Figure and Visual Integrity

Figures must accurately represent the underlying evidence and disclose permitted processing.

Standards

  • Selective alteration, deletion, duplication or inappropriate splicing is prohibited.
  • Adjustments must apply consistently and must not obscure or create information.
  • Editors may request editable figures, source images and analysis files.
  • Colour palettes, symbols and labels should remain interpretable for readers with colour-vision deficiencies.
  • Reused material requires attribution and permission where applicable.

Evidence-synthesis figures

Forest plots, funnel plots, risk-of-bias figures, evidence maps and flow diagrams must correspond to the reported data and be reproducible from submitted files or code.

Questions or concerns

Use the appropriate secure route when a matter requires a documented response.